Resistance Exercise Improved Sleep Duration by 40 Minutes, More Than Aerobic Exercise

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In an interesting study, researchers working at the American Heart Association were trying to quantify how exercise influences sleep in overweight individuals. It was one of the largest and longest exercise trials looking at sleep dimensions as the results.

Sleep quality and obesity are worsening in America, even while 77% of adults in the country exercise, according to survey data from the CDC. It could be that people are doing the wrong exercises, or that they aren’t exercising enough.

For a hundred years doctors have known that the effects of aerobic exercise such as running, bike riding, or swimming, and resistance exercise, such as lifting weights, or working with machines and resistance bands, are different in the development of physical capacities. Only recently are datasets being created to show the differences as they relate to other diseases such as heart disease, aging and morbidity, or sleep disorders.

“It is increasingly recognized that getting enough sleep, particularly high-quality sleep, is important for health including cardiovascular health. Unfortunately, more than a third of Americans don’t get enough sleep on a regular basis,” said study author Angelique Brellenthin, Ph.D., assistant professor of kinesiology at Iowa State University.

“Aerobic activity is often recommended to improve sleep, yet very little is known about the effects of resistance exercise versus aerobic exercise on sleep”.

What the authors found was that resistance exercise was superior for improving sleep quality, nearly double with respect to aerobic exercise.

PICTURED: Resistance exercise can be lifting weights, or using machines like this one.

Pumping ZZZs

A total of 386 participants were selected in the trial sponsored by the American Heart Association, as the quality of sleep has been shown to significantly affect the risk for atherosclerosis.

The participants were in a bad way. All were overweight or obese, inactive, and had high blood pressure. Furthermore, 35% reported to have less than 7 hours of sleep each night, and many reported regular sleep disturbances, such as waking briefly due to uncomfortable temperatures, pain, and the need to cough or go to the bathroom.

They were assigned to three groups of exercise: resistance training with weight machines such as the leg press and shoulder press, aerobic training on a bike, treadmill, or elliptical machine, or a mixture of both, and helped to complete 60-minutes of exercise three days a week for 12 months.

Polysomnography, the instrumental monitoring of sleep, was not practical with such a long and large trial, so participants used self-reported scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

By study’s end, the trialists in the resistance group had registered an increase in sleep of 40 minutes per night averaged over 12 months, significantly more than the aerobic exercise group, which averaged 23 minutes.

Strangely, even though it included 30 minutes of resistance training, the mixed exercise group reported the smallest increase in sleep duration of just 15 minutes.

Scores were also taken for sleep efficiency, the actual time spent sleeping during the entire sleeping period, sleep latency, or the time it takes to go to sleep after getting in bed, and the frequency of sleep disturbances.

Sleep efficiency increased in the resistance exercise and combined exercise groups, but not in the aerobic exercise group.

“While both aerobic and resistance exercise are important for overall health, our results suggest that resistance exercises may be superior when it comes to getting better ZZZs at night,” Brellenthin said. “Therefore, if your sleep has gotten noticeably worse over the past two stressful years, consider incorporating two or more resistance exercise training sessions into your regular exercise routine to improve your general muscle and bone health, as well as your sleep”. WaL

 

Continue exploring this topic — Lifting — Training Feet for Lifting and Whether it Really Matters

Continue exploring this topic — Exercise — Sitting Long Enough Cancels The Beneficial Effects of Exercise

Continue exploring this topic — Sleep — Even More Evidence Links Shorter Sleep Duration to Increased Risks of Dementia

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